A domain name is a human readable and memorable representation of an IP address. Internet is a network of computers connected together and capable of communicating to each other using a network protocol called TCP/IP. In order for the machines to identify themselves, these machines are assigned a numeric value called an IP address (ex: 123.12.123.12). As it is not possible to remember all those numbers for all the different sites, a concept of domain name was introduced. How this is accomplished is when some one types in a domain name like www.namecheap.com, then the browser communicates with a root domain name server that acts as a dictionary and provides the IP like 123.12.123.12. Then the browser can use that IP to communicate to the website.
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