Encryption means translate or encode data into a secret code (cryptographic cipher). Normally, crypto key (password) is used to encrypt and decrypt data. To read an encrypted file, you must have access to the crypto key that enables you to decrypt it. However, the encryption key may different from decryption key. During the encryption process, unencrypted data (plain text) will be encoded into encrypted data (cipher text).
Encryption can be used to ensure secrecy, but other techniques are still needed to make communications secure, particularly to verify the integrity and authenticity of a message. For instance, a message authentication code (MAC) or digital signatures. Another consideration is protection against traffic analysis.
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